Histopathology of Malignant Tissues Using High-Resolution Microscopy @ 630nm
M. Amjad, H. Ullah, S. Ullah, Z. Batool, A. Nazir, G. Gilanie, S. Habib, M. Abdullah-Al-Wadud and M. Umar Dad
Tissue samples (10 samples of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of nose, 10 specimens of adenocarcinoma prostate, 12 of ovary, 12 of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) of kidney, and 14 samples of breast cancer) were received in paraffin-embedded blocks, stained with H&E and investigated using a high-resolution microscope. The BCC of the skin showed tumor nests, necrosis, cytological atypia, and abnormal cell to nuclei ratio, and the nodular type and Breslow thickness is 3.0 cm. For prostate cancer, Gleason’s grade is 4+4 and the obtained score is 8/10. Its grade group is 4. In ovary cancer, the squamous discrepancy is very usual. Some alternates are present like mucin rich and secretory, small cells with scanty cytoplasm settled in fragments, violent tumors, and cystic and solid areas in addition to hemorrhage and necrosis. In RCC, tumor cells have sharply outlined cell boundaries and the cytoplasm ranges from optically clear to deeply granular. Tubular, papillary, and cystic formation and abundant glycogen, abnormal mitotic activity with debris all over the tissue sample is seen. The breast tumor showed a grey-white solid area, with 10 lymph nodes identified in the axilla. The specimen is of the type right mastectomy with axillary clearance and the tumor types are invasive ductal cell carcinoma having grade 2 and lobular carcinoma. Resected margins are free of tumor. Axillary lymph node 3/10 shows metastatic carcinoma.
Keywords: microscopy, gleason grade, cytological atypia, tumor necrosis, nuclear pleomorphism