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Induced Penalty OWA Critic Model to Rank Agronomic Strategies Integrating an Agrivoltaic System into Tomato Cultivation
José Manuel Brotons Martínez and José María Camara Zapata
The growth of large photovoltaic projects increases competition with agricultural production for land use, especially in areas with a Mediterranean climate. Agrovoltaics combines crop and energy production, with the consequent increase in performance per surface unit and its contribution to the electrification of isolated communities. From the agronomic perspective, the shading produced by these installations can favor water savings, although it can also lead to a loss in crop production. In the present work, shade netting equipped with photovoltaic panels were used, which is deployed when solar radiation is high. A Muchamiel tomato crop grown in a greenhouse under different production strategies was assessed: grafting, water deficit, and shading. The different treatments used were ranked from a multicriteria perspective, using the CRiteria Importance Through Inter-Criteria Correlation (CRITIC). This is a multicriteria method that aims to rank the different alternatives starting with the values from the criteria themselves combined with the Ordered Weighted Averaging (OWA), which allows introducing the attitudinal character of the decision-maker. The Induced OWA (IOWA) was used, using a penalty function as the inducible variable, and was compared with others to observe the effect of a change in the induced variable. The use of IOWA was also proposed when obtaining the correlations between the different criteria. The results indicate that Muchamiel tomato is highly adapted to Mediterranean conditions. The combination of shading and deficit irrigation is a strongly recommended strategy for this type of crop.
Keywords: Multicriteria analysis, renewable energies, production and quality
JEL Classification: CO2, Q16, D24