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Electron Acceleration Using LG Lasers: A Review
Yatinder Pal Singh and Vishal Thakur

This review investigates laser-plasma interactions, and specifically focuses on electron acceleration using Laguerre-Gaussian lasers. Beginning with the status of this technology, the review highlights the salient properties of laser pulses from these instruments and investigates the theory underlying laser-plasma interactions and electron acceleration. Drawing evidence from different studies, the research discusses diverse factors that impact electron acceleration in the LG laser pulse, which include the beam waist, angular scattering, energy gain, phase synchronization, and proximity of electrons to the plasma pulse. Though promising, Laguerre-Gaussian lasers achieve a lower electron acceleration effect than the fundamental Gaussian mode laser beam. This limitation is more pronounced in the acceleration of high- energy electrons. To improve electron acceleration, the topological charge of these instruments’ lasers may be increased by a factor of 2, or 3. Overall, these lasers provide high-quality electrons for diverse applications, including radiation therapy, optics, and quantum mechanics.

Keywords: Angular deflection, azimuthal index, electron acceleration, Laguerre-Gaussian laser, Energy efficiency, radial index